http://www.cholesteroltest.com.au/
http://www.cholesteroltest.com.au/Overview/RoleCholesterol.aspx
http://www.heartfoundation.org.au/document/NHF/nrcr_diet_fats_mar04.pdf
http://www.csiro.au/resources/CholesterolFacts.html
The facts about cholesterol levels
- Cholesterol
- What is it?
- Why is high cholesterol a problem?
- Cholesterol – the good and the bad
- What to do if your cholesterol level is high
- How high is high?
- What about triglycerides?
- How can I lower my triglyceride?
Cholesterol
CSIRO is carrying out research in a number of dietary areas to develop strategies for reducing cholesterol levels, the risk of heart disease and other conditions that are food-related and correctable through modification of diet.
High levels of cholesterol are a risk factor for coronary artery disease (heart attacks and angina).
What is it?
Cholesterol is an essential type of fat that is carried in the blood.
All cells in the body need cholesterol for internal and external membranes.
It is also needed to produce some hormones and for other functions.
The body generally makes all the cholesterol it needs.
Some dietary cholesterol is normally excreted via the liver, however eating too much saturated fat leads to excess cholesterol in the blood stream.
Why is high cholesterol a problem?
High levels of cholesterol in the blood stream are a risk factor for coronary artery disease (heart attacks and angina).
If your cholesterol level is 6.5 mmol/L or greater your risk of heart disease is about 4 times greater than that of a person with a cholesterol level of 4 mmol/L.
Not all people with high cholesterol levels get heart disease.
About 30 per cent of the community will die of heart disease and most of these will be over 65 years old.
Heart disease usually takes 60-70 years to develop, but if you discover your cholesterol level is high you should see your doctor within the next 2-3 months, not necessarily tomorrow.
Other risk factors for heart disease include smoking, high blood pressure and obesity.
Cholesterol – the good and the bad
Cholesterol is carried in the blood stream in particles called lipoproteins.
These are named according to how big they are:
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the very large particles are called Very Low Density Lipoproteins (VLDL)
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the intermediate size ones are called Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) and these particles cause heart disease
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the smallest particles are called High Density Lipoproteins (HDL) and these particles actually protect against heart disease.
What to do if your cholesterol level is high
The most effective way to lower your cholesterol is to reduce the amount of animal fat in your diet by various means.
You could:
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reduce cheese intake and/or substitute low fat varieties
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choose reduced fat milks
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substitute polyunsaturated margarine for butter
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choose lean cuts of meat and remove all visible fat
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eat skinless chicken, fish or beans
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beware of pies, pasties, fish and chips and commercial cakes (hidden fat)
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make cakes at home with polyunsaturated fat, cook chips with polyunsaturated or monounsaturated oil
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lose weight if overweight.
If you make a number of changes to your diet you can expect your cholesterol to fall by 10 per cent.
About 15 per cent of people will see no change and another 15 per cent will see changes of 20-30 per cent.
How high is high?
If your cholesterol is between 5.5 and 6.5 your risk of heart disease is only increased by a small amount.
Don’t panic but make a few moderate changes to your diet.
However if you already have heart disease, or one of your parents developed heart disease at an early age, (less than 55 years of age) then you need to make bigger changes.
If your cholesterol is higher than 6.5 then you need to make more changes.
If despite changes to your diet your cholesterol level remains above 6.5 you may need medication, especially if you have the other risk factors mentioned or you have a family history of heart disease- see your doctor.
What about triglycerides?
Triglycerides are a stored energy source.
Most of the triglyceride is found in the very large particles, the VLDL.
Under some circumstances high blood triglyceride can be a risk factor.
If your cholesterol is high (greater than 6.5) and your HDL cholesterol is low (less than 0.9) then triglycerides can increase the risk of heart disease if they are greater than 1.7.
Triglyceride levels greater than 10 can cause inflammation of the pancreas which is a very serious condition.
How can I lower my triglyceride?
Reduce your intake of animal or hard vegetable fats, lose weight and reduce alcohol intake.
Alcohol is very powerful at elevating triglyceride.
See your family doctor if it remains elevated as you may require medication.
Find out more about CSIRO’s work in Diet & Nutrition.
http://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/bhcv2/bhcarticles.nsf/pages/Cholesterol_explained?OpenDocument
Cholesterol explained |
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Cholesterol is a type of fat that is part of all animal cells. It is essential for many of the body’s metabolic processes, including hormone and bile production, and to help the body use vitamin D. However, there’s no need to eat foods high in cholesterol. The body is very good at making its own cholesterol; you don’t need to help it along. In fact, too much cholesterol in your diet can lead to heart disease.
Cholesterol is essential
Two types of cholesterol
Safe blood cholesterol levels Effects of high cholesterol levels You do not need cholesterol in your diet Foods that contain cholesterol How to avoid saturated fats
Diet tips to help reduce your cholesterol
Lifestyle tips to help reduce your cholesterol
Don’t cut out all dairy foods You don’t need to avoid eggs and seafood
Foods that may lower cholesterol levels Plant sterols can lower cholesterol levels Medication may be needed If you are at risk of coronary heart disease and your LDL cholesterol level doesn’t drop after scrupulous attention to diet, your doctor may recommend medications to force your LDL levels down. However, diet and exercise will still be important, even if you are taking medication. Your doctor may also refer you to a specialist who treats cardiovascular disease. Where to get help
Things to remember
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Short information about nutrition in my blog
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I would disagree with ‘Heart disease usually takes 60-70 years to develop’ – unfortunately in the United States we are seeing heart disease in pre teens. Obesity and lack of exercise are causing some children to go on heart medication. The situation is much more serious than most parents would want to admit.
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